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诺如病毒是引起人类非细菌性急性胃肠炎的主要病原之一,传播速度快,传播范围广,极易在学校、养老机构等集体单位引起暴发。2015年12月25日,上海市某区疾病预防控制中心接到辖区内一学校学生家长电话,称该校多名学生出现呕吐、腹泻等不适症状。为核实诊断,调查疫情,查明可疑危险因素和传染源,并提出针对性预防性控制措施,区疾病预防控制中心进行了现场流行病学调查。1对象与方法1.1病例定义
Norovirus is one of the major pathogens that cause non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans. Its rapid spread and wide spread range can easily cause outbreaks in collective units such as schools and pension institutions. On December 25, 2015, a district CDC in Shanghai received a telephone call from a parent of a school in the district, claiming that more than one student in the school had vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms. To verify the diagnosis, investigate the outbreak, identify suspicious risk factors and sources of infection, and put forward targeted preventive control measures, the district CDC conducted an on-site epidemiological investigation. 1 objects and methods 1.1 case definitions