粘弹性材料在动态结构模型试验中应用已久,但其模拟效果至今仍有争论。本文根据粘弹性梁和线弹性梁动力反应的试验结果,比较了这两类材料的频响特性和振型弹模的变化,分析了以粘弹性模型模拟线弹性原型的频域模拟误差以及按不同弹模指标进行模拟相似转换的效果。比较分析结果表明:粘弹性材料的频率响应与频率有关,且视材料不同而差别很大。作者认为采用粘弹性材料制作动态结构模型应当审慎并有所选择。 Viscoelastic materials have been used in dynamic structural model tests for a long time, but their simulation results are still controversial. Based on the experimental results of dynamic response of viscoelastic beams and linear elastic beams, this paper compares the frequency response characteristics of these two types of materials and the variation of the mode-type elastic modes. The frequency-domain simulation error of a linear elastic prototype with viscoelastic model is analyzed and analyzed. Different elastic modulus indicators simulate the effect of similar transformations. The comparative analysis results show that the frequency response of viscoelastic materials is related to the frequency and varies greatly depending on the materials. The author believes that using viscoelastic materials to make dynamic structural models should be cautious and selective.