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本文介绍并简要评述了第28届克拉克奖得主史蒂文·莱维特教授(StevenD.Levitt)在美国政治制度、标准化考试中的教师作弊行为这两个政治经济学主题上的研究。作为实证经济学家,莱维特最重要的贡献在于他把经济学的研究方法,尤其是经济计量方法成功地运用到这些通常认为难以进行实证检验的领域中。这些方法的运用,使莱维特不仅对一些有争议的理论进行了检验,澄清了一些悬而未决的问题,而且还开创性地将这种方法运用于教师作弊行为的研究,开创了新的研究领域。
This article presents and briefly reviews the 28th Clarke Prize winner Steven D. Levitt’s study of two political economy topics, the American political system, teacher cheating in standardized tests. Levitt’s most important contribution as an empirical economist lies in his successful application of the methods of economic research, especially the econometric methods, to those areas that are generally considered to be difficult to test empirically. Using these methods, Levitt not only tested some controversial theories, clarified some outstanding issues, but also creatively applied this method to the research of teacher cheating and opened up new fields of research.