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近代大转型、大过渡的时代，造就了一大批矛盾多变的历史人物。过去学术界对历史人物的急剧变动关注较多，而对在统治阶级内部营垒之间摇移的另一类多变留意不够，张之洞正是这一类的典型代表。张之洞矛盾多变的政治性格的形成，与其洋务大员的根本立场、近代过渡的时代背景以及他本人独特的儒学经历、社会地位等紧密联系着。
The era of great transformation and great transition in modern times has created a large number of historical figures with contradictory and changeable conditions. In the past, academics paid more attention to the drastic changes of historical figures, while not enough attention was paid to the other kinds of changes that have shuffled among the ruling class camps. Zhang Zhidong is a typical representative of this type. The formation of the contradictory political personality of Zhang Zhidong is closely linked with his fundamental position of foreign affairs chiefs, the background of the transition in modern times and his own unique Confucian experience and social status.