80年代中期,从西非患者分离出能引起艾滋病的第二种人逆转录病毒。该病毒现被称为“人免疫缺陷病毒Ⅱ”(HIV2)。它不同于HIV1,但与猿猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)密切相关。本文就HIV2的分子生物学、超微结构、流行病学、传播途径、临床表现、免疫学改变、感染的自然史、双重感染和实验室诊断概述于下。 In the mid-1980s, a second human retrovirus that caused AIDS was isolated from West African patients. The virus is now called “human immunodeficiency virus Ⅱ” (HIV2). It is different from HIV1 but is closely related to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). This article summarizes the molecular biology, ultrastructure, epidemiology, route of transmission, clinical manifestations, immunological changes, natural history of infection, dual infection, and laboratory diagnosis of HIV2.