一、电导机理和聚合物的电导 根据电阻率的大小,如图1所示,可将材料划分为金属、半导体和绝缘体。金属的电阻率系随温度的升高而增大〔R=R。(1+aT)〕;半导体和绝缘体则随温度的升高按指数律下降〔R=R。exp(E/KT)〕。材料的电导是由于载荷子(charge carrier)在电 I. Conductance Mechanism and Conductance of Polymers According to the resistivity, as shown in Figure 1, the material can be divided into metals, semiconductors and insulators. The resistivity of the metal increases as the temperature increases [R = R. (1 + aT)]; semiconductors and insulators with the temperature rise exponentially declines [R = R. exp (E / KT)]. The conductance of the material is due to the charge carrier being on the electricity