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目的了解济南市公共场所集中空调通风系统送风的卫生状况,改善室内空气质量,减少疾病的传播。方法根据WS 394-2012《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》,2013年5~12月随机抽查了济南市购物中心、旅店二类公共场所28套集中空调通风系统,对143个送风点进行采样检测。检测送风中的PM10、细菌总数、真菌总数和β-溶血性链球菌4项指标。结果检测28套集中空调通风系统中的143个送风点,二类公共场所PM10的合格率为99.30%,不同二类公共场所检测点间PM10的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);细菌总数的合格率为81.82%,细菌总数间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),最高检测结果出现在购物中心,超出标准四倍多。真菌总数的合格率为79.72%,真菌总数间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),最高检测结果也出现在购物中心,超出标准近3倍。β-溶血性链球菌均未检出。购物中心细菌总数与真菌总数的合格率为75.00%、68.18%,均低于旅馆的合格率。结论济南市部分二类公共场所集中空调通风系统存在不同程度的卫生问题,购物中心的送风质量低于旅店。
Objective To understand the hygienic conditions of air supply and ventilation system in public places in Jinan City, to improve the indoor air quality and reduce the spread of diseases. Methods According to WS 394-2012 Hygienic Standard for Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation System in Public Places, 28 sets of central air-conditioning and ventilation systems in two public places, including shopping malls and hotels in Jinan City, were randomly selected from May 2013 to December 2013 to conduct 143 ventilation points Sampling and testing. Detection of PM10 in the air, the total number of bacteria, the total number of fungi and β-hemolytic streptococcus 4 indicators. Results A total of 143 ventilation points were detected in 28 centralized air conditioning and ventilation systems. The passing rate of PM10 in the two public places was 99.30%. There was no significant difference in PM10 between the two public places (P> 0.05) The total pass rate was 81.82%, the total number of bacteria was statistically significant difference (P <0.01), the highest test results appear in shopping centers, more than four times the standard. The total pass rate of fungi was 79.72%. There was a significant difference between the total number of fungi (P <0.05). The highest test results also appeared in shopping centers, almost 3 times higher than the standard. β-hemolytic streptococcus were not detected. The total number of bacteria in shopping centers and fungi pass rate was 75.00%, 68.18%, lower than the hotel pass rate. Conclusion There are health problems in some air conditioners and ventilation systems in some of the second public places in Jinan City. The air quality in shopping centers is lower than that of hotels.