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目的分析健康教育对改善小学生哮喘防治知识和行为的效果。方法选择某地区26所小学6~11岁学生进行问卷调查,筛查出曾被诊断过哮喘和近1年出现喘息情况的小学生527人作为调查对象,对其进行哮喘健康教育,分别在教育前后进行问卷调查,比较教育前、后小学生哮喘防治知识和行为改善情况。结果该地区小学生哮喘(包括可疑哮喘)患病率为3.19%(527/16 498)。哮喘学生在健康教育前对哮喘相关知识知晓率和行为准确率不足50%。哮喘学生健康教育后对哮喘相关知识知晓率和行为准确率显著高于教育前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健康教育可以显著提高小学生对哮喘相关知识的认识,对小学生能采取正确防范措施应对哮喘有积极意义。
Objective To analyze the effect of health education on improving the knowledge and behavior of prevention and treatment of asthma in primary school students. Methods A total of 527 primary school students who had been diagnosed with asthma and wheezing in the past year were screened by questionnaires from 26 primary school students aged 6 to 11 in a certain area. The asthma health education was conducted before and after education A questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the knowledge and behaviors of asthma prevention and control among primary school students before and after education. Results The prevalence of primary asthma (including suspicious asthma) in this area was 3.19% (527/16 498). Asthma students have less than 50% awareness of asthma-related knowledge and behavioral accuracy before health education. The rate of asthma-related knowledge and behavioral accuracy of asthma students after health education was significantly higher than that before education (P <0.05). Conclusion Health education can significantly improve the understanding of primary health-related knowledge of asthma. It is of positive significance for primary school students to take proper precautionary measures to deal with asthma.