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生态公益林外部性具有市场交易困难、外延扩散、内敛可计量、非附带等特征。科斯途径与庇古途径是解决外部性的主要经济途径。两者对森林外部性的解决虽然具有理论上的一致性,但在具体应用中均存在困难,不能直接套用。应从公益林外部性特征出发,以政府作为生态产品的购买者参与交易,并以经营者提供生态产品的机会成本作为政府对其出价的依据。最后对公益林外部性解决途径进行了设计。
The externalities of ecological public welfare forest have the characteristics of difficult market transaction, extended diffusion, introverted measurable, non-incidental and so on. The Kos route and Pigou route are the main economic ways to solve the externalities. Although the two solutions to the problem of the externalities of the forests are theoretically consistent, they all have difficulties in specific applications and can not be directly applied. The public welfare forest should be based on the external characteristics of the public, the government as a purchaser of ecological products to participate in the transaction, and the opportunity to provide eco-products business opportunity as the basis for its bid. Finally, the design of public welfare forest externalities solution was carried out.