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目的总结贵州省开展入托入学查验接种证的关键活动,评价实施效果。方法运用描述流行病学的方法描述实施过程,采用软件Excel和SPSS13.0对入托入学相关报表进行分析。结果通过加强部门协作、明确教育、卫生部门职责,制定切实可行的实施方案,持续开展培训,争取政府支持,通过实施免疫接种周加强宣传动员及后勤保障等综合措施,保证了入托入学查验接种证工作的成功及持续的开展;2004年贵州省小学和托幼机构的查验接种证工作开展率为81.4%和88%,之后逐年上升并保持在95%以上的较高水平;对查验老师培训率及报表上报率从2005年以后明显改善并一直保持在95%以上的较高水平;入学入托补种以后被查验疫苗全程接种率较入学入托前均明显升高;百白破类疫苗补种完成率均与学龄前及小学年龄段百日咳发病率呈负相关,且有统计学意义。结论开展入托入学查验接种证提供了既往常规免疫工作中漏种儿童补种的机会,提高了所有要求疫苗的接种率,是消除麻疹的一项重要措施并能有效地控制学校/托幼机构查验疫苗针对疾病的发病和暴发;有必要继续开展入托入学查验接种证并将乙肝疫苗纳入免费补种的范围以提高免疫覆盖率并逐步扩大纳入入学/入托查验疫苗的种类,是疫苗可预防传染病的预防控制上的一个有效措施。
Objective To summarize the key activities of vaccination certificate for nursery admission in Guizhou Province and evaluate the implementation effect. Methods Describe the implementation process by describing the epidemiological method, and analyze the enrollment-related reports by software Excel and SPSS 13.0. Results By strengthening departmental collaboration, making clear the responsibilities of education and health departments, formulating feasible implementation plans, continuing training and government support, and implementing integrated measures such as publicity, mobilization and logistics support during immunization weeks, the vaccination certificates The success of the work and continued development of Guizhou Province primary and child care institutions in 2004 inspection of vaccination card work rate of 81.4% and 88%, and then rose year by year and maintained at a high level of 95% or more; check the teacher training rate And reporting rates improved significantly after 2005 and has remained at a high level of 95%. After vaccination, the full vaccination rate of vaccines was significantly higher than that before enrollment. Baitai vaccines were replanted The rates were negatively correlated with the incidence of pertussis in preschool and primary school age, and were statistically significant. Conclusions Carrying out nursery school admission vaccination certificates provides opportunities for missed child re-vaccination in routine immunization work and increases vaccination rates for all required vaccines. It is an important measure to eliminate measles and effectively controls school / kindergarten inspection Vaccines are required for the onset and outbreak of the disease; it is necessary to continue the vaccination certificate for nursery school admission and to include the hepatitis B vaccine within the scope of free re-vaccination to increase immunization coverage and to gradually encompass the types of vaccines that are included in admission / nurseries to prevent the spread of the vaccine The prevention and control of an effective measure.