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目的分析2008-2010年鲁山县手足口病流行病学特点和发病趋势,为进一步预防和控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对鲁山县近3年来手足口病发病情况进行分析。结果2008-2010年鲁山县报告手足口病分别为80例、716例、1 442例,共计2 238例,发病率分别为9.39/10万、83.33/10万、166.71/10万;重症病例588例,聚集性病例72起;实验室诊断病例235例,其中EV71阳性病例179例,占76.17%;全年均有病例报告,3～7月为发病高峰期;县城及周边地区报告病例较多,偏僻地区相对较少;男性多于女性,男女之比为1.51∶1;以3岁以下儿童发病居多,共2 114例,占总发病数的94.46%,其中1～2岁组发病1 681例,占75.11%;职业分布以散居儿童为主,共2 124例,占总发病数的94.91%。结论鲁山县手足口病以3岁以下散居儿童居多,流行高峰在3～7月份,实验室阳性病例主要为EV71病毒感染,应加强手足口病疫情的监测和全民健康教育工作,做到早预防、早发现、早诊断、早治疗是手足口病预防控制工作的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenesis of HFMD in Lushan County from 2008 to 2010 and provide scientific evidence for further prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of HFMD in Lushan County in recent 3 years. Results Lushan County in 2008-2010 reported 80 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease, 716 cases and 1 442 cases respectively, with a total of 2 238 cases, the incidence rates were 9.39 / 100000, 83.33 / 100000 and 166.71 / 100000 respectively; 588 cases, 72 cases of aggregation; laboratory diagnosis of 235 cases, of which 179 cases of EV71 positive cases, accounting for 76.17%; annual case reports, from March to July as the peak incidence; county and the surrounding areas reported cases more More than in remote areas; more men than women, the ratio of men to women was 1.51: 1; the majority of children under 3 years of age, a total of 2 114 cases, accounting for 94.46% of the total number of cases, of which 1 to 2 years of age group 1 681 cases, accounting for 75.11%. The occupational distribution was dominated by scattered children, with a total of 2 124 cases, accounting for 94.91% of the total cases. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease in Lushan County is dominated by children under 3 years of age with the peak of epidemic in March to July. Laboratory-positive cases are mainly EV71 virus infection. Monitoring of HFMD epidemic situation and universal health education should be strengthened so early Prevention, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are important measures for the prevention and control of HFMD.