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目的探讨影响出国劳务人员艾滋病干预措施参与率和成功率的因素,为提高干预效果提供依据。方法将干预措施分为5个阶段进行,依次为前意向阶段、意向阶段、准备阶段、行动阶段和保持阶段。在不同阶段分别实施健康教育、行政管理、疾病保险和艾滋病监测等干预措施。结果共干预500名出国劳务人员,其中男性442名,女性58名,年龄为26~45岁的青壮年,农村户籍占多数。分5个阶段实施干预措施,参与率、成功率和人口影响率呈现一个不断升高的趋势。参与率分别为52.4%、73.2%、85.6%、92.0%、96.4%;健康行为形成成功率分别为25.0%、36.4%、72.4%、83.0%、91.2%,人口影响率分别为13.5%、26.6%、62.0%、76.4%、87.9%。主要影响因素有干预措施的可接受性、管理力度和管理模式、经济措施的约束力及回国后艾滋病检测4个方面。结论多种形式干预措施并举,可提高干预措施的参与率和成功率。
Objective To explore the factors influencing the participation rate and success rate of HIV / AIDS interventions among service workers abroad to provide the basis for improving the effect of intervention. Methods Interventions were divided into five stages, followed by the former intention stage, intention stage, preparation stage, action stage and maintenance stage. At different stages of implementation of health education, administration, disease insurance and AIDS monitoring interventions. Results A total of 500 migrant workers were interviewed, including 442 males and 58 females, and young adults aged from 26 to 45 with a majority in rural areas. In five stages of interventions, the participation rate, success rate and population impact rate showed a rising trend. The success rates of health behaviors were 25.0%, 36.4%, 72.4%, 83.0% and 91.2%, respectively, and the population influence rates were 13.5% and 26.6%, respectively. The participation rates were 52.4%, 73.2%, 85.6%, 92.0% and 96.4% %, 62.0%, 76.4%, 87.9%. The main influencing factors are the acceptability of intervention, management and management mode, the binding of economic measures and the AIDS detection after returning home. Conclusions The combination of various forms of interventions can increase the participation rate and success rate of interventions.