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京津冀机场群协同发展是京津冀一体化的重要组成部分,机场交通可达性研究是明晰机场服务范围,促进机场协调发展的重要手段。分析机场可达性与人口布局的关系,对京津冀地区机场协调发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。研究运用成本栅格加权距离算法,在GIS支持下,计算京津冀地区民用机场的交通可达性,并分析其空间分异特征,进而探讨京津冀地区交通可达性与人口密度分布的关系,揭示京津冀不同区域和不同小时圈中机场可达性与人口布局的内在机制,为区域机场协调发展、促进京津冀地区机场合理规划提供科学依据。研究表明,京津冀地区机场可达性呈现南高北低、东高西低、中间地区强于边缘地区的趋势。机场可达性与人口密度具有明显的相关性。随着机场可达性百分比的增加,人口密度百分比成减小的趋势,相关系数达-0.73(P<0.01),这种负相关关系可以通过幂指数的方程来定量表达;1.5小时圈是目前京津冀地区机场可达性与人口布局产生作用的最远距离,反映了机场服务范围与人口分布的关系;北京、天津和河北省三地,机场可达性与人口布局的相关性差异显著;北京和河北省地区的机场可达性与人口分布的主要作用圈在1~1.5 h圈;天津地区的主要作用圈在0.5~1 h圈,主要与城市规划和机场布局相关。在未来的机场规划中,新建机场应在1.5 h圈范围以外,同时考虑区域的人口密度状况。
The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Jiading airport complex is an important part of the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. Research on accessibility of airport is an important means of clarifying the service scope of airports and promoting the coordinated development of airports. Analysis of the relationship between airport accessibility and population distribution has important theoretical and practical significance for the coordinated development of airports in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. This paper studies the use of cost-grid weighted distance algorithm to calculate the accessibility of civil airports in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region with the support of GIS and analyzes its spatial differentiation characteristics, and then explores the accessibility and population density distribution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region Relationship between Beijing and Tianjin to reveal the accessibility of airports and population distribution in different regions and different hours of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, providing a scientific basis for the coordinated development of regional airports and the promotion of rational airport planning in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. The research shows that accessibility of airports in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region shows a trend of high in the south and low in the north, high in the east and low in the west and stronger in the middle than in the fringe. There is a clear correlation between airport accessibility and population density. As the percentage of airport accessibility increases, the percentage of population density decreases, with a correlation coefficient of -0.73 (P <0.01). The negative correlation can be quantitatively expressed by the power exponent equation. The 1.5 hour circle is currently The farthest distance that airport accessibility and population distribution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region play a role, which reflects the relationship between airport service scope and population distribution. There is significant difference between airport reachability and population distribution in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei provinces ; The main effect of airport accessibility and population distribution in Beijing and Hebei Province lapped in 1 ~ 1.5 h circle; the main role of circle in Tianjin lapped in 0.5 ~ 1 h circle, mainly related to urban planning and airport layout. In the future airport planning, the new airport should be outside the 1.5-h circle, taking into account the population density in the area.