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【目的】探讨吗啡后处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护机制。【方法】健康成年S-D雄性大鼠40只，随机分成4组，每组10只。假手术组（S组）仅开胸并分离冠状动脉左前降支，但不阻断血流150 min；缺血再灌注组（IR组）行冠状动脉左前降支阻断30 min ，再灌注120 min；吗啡后处理1组（M1组）于开放左冠状动脉即刻1 min内静推吗啡0．1 mg/kg ，再灌注120 min ，吗啡后处理2组（M2组）于开放左冠状动脉即刻1 min内静推吗啡0．3 mg/kg ，再灌注120 min。再灌注末测心肌梗死面积，免疫印迹法测心肌细胞色素C氧化酶（CcO ）的表达。【结果】和IR组相比，M1组和M2组心肌梗死面积均减小（ P ＜0．05），M2组心梗面积降低较M1组更为明显，且差异有显著性（ P ＜0．05）；M1组和M2组CcO表达均上调（ P ＜0．05）。【结论】吗啡后处理对心肌损伤有保护作用，其机制可能与促进心肌CcO表达有关。“,”Objective To explore the protective effect of morphine postprocessing on myocardial ischemia/reperfu-sion injury(I/R) in rats .[Methods]A total of 40 male healthy SD adult rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 rats in each group .Sham group(S group) only underwent thoracotomy ,and left anterior descending coronary artery was separated ,and blood flow was not blocked for 150min .The I/R group(IR group) underwent the blockage of left anterior descending coronary artery for 30min ,and then the reperfusion for 120min .Morphine postprocessing 1 group(M1 group) received morphine 0 .1mg/kg within 1min immediately after ischemia ,and then the reperfusion for 120min .Morphine postprocessing 2 group(M2 group) received morphine 0 .3mg/kg within 1min immediately after ischemia ,and then the reperfusion for 120min .At the end of the reperfusion ,the infarct size(IS) was measured .The expression of cytochrome C oxidase(CcO) in myocardium was detected by Western blotting .[Results] Compared with IR group ,the IS in M1 group and M2 group were decreased( P <0 .05) .The IS in M2 group was decreased more obviously than that in M1 group ,and there was significant difference( P<0 .05) .The expression of CcO in M1 group and M2 group were increased ( P<0 .05) .[Conclusion]Morphine postprocessing has protective effect on myocardial I/R injury which may be related to the promotion of CcO expression in myocardium .