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目前全世界每年进行肾移植术约3,000次以上,但其中小儿肾移植仍开展较少,16岁以下者约占7.3%,5岁以下者仅1.6%。文献有数周至几个月的婴儿施行肾移植的报道。肾移植的适应证尿毒症是造成儿童死亡较少见的原因,据统计每百万人口患晚期肾病的儿童约3人,需作肾移植或血液透析。Topel(1979)统计了欧洲37个肾移植中心的286例15岁以下儿童的肾移植适应证(表1)。
At present, there are more than 3,000 kidney transplants in the world each year, but less children are still undergoing renal transplantation, accounting for 7.3% of those under 16 years of age and only 1.6% of those under 5 years of age. There are reports of kidney transplants in infants from weeks to months in the literature. Indications for Kidney Transplantation Uremia is a rare cause of death in children. According to statistics, about 3 children with advanced kidney disease per million population are required for kidney transplantation or hemodialysis. Topel (1979) calculated the indications for renal transplant in 286 children under 15 years of age in 37 renal transplant centers in Europe (Table 1).