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轴类部件的损坏是工农业生产中常遇到的问题。大型轴件的损坏 (如发电机转轴、水泵泵轴以及卷扬机传动轴的损坏 )会造成重大经济损失与人身危害。同时 ,这些轴大都价格较高 ,生产周期长 ,具有较高的修复价值。传统工艺 (如手工电焊 )对轴类部件的修复存在着修复层结合强度低、工件易变形、操作难度高等问题。本文作者采用激光堆焊技术 ,进行了海水泵轴的激光修复实验。修复对象为一根已磨损的长 1.5m ,直径 30cm的海水泵轴。实验结果表明 :激光修复由于热量很快通过基体导走 ,不会造成大的热应力集中和变形 ;修复层与轴件基体是冶金结合 ,结合强度高 ,修复层更耐磨 ;数控编程等手段的运用大大提高了工作效率 ,也降低了现场操作的难度。
Damage to shaft parts is a common problem encountered in industrial and agricultural production. Damage to large shafts (such as damage to the generator shaft, pump shaft, and shaft of the winch) can result in significant financial and personal damage. At the same time, most of these shafts are more expensive and have longer production cycles and higher repair values. The traditional process (such as manual welding) repair of shaft parts there is the repair layer bonding strength is low, the workpiece is easy to deformation, the operation of high difficulty. The author of this paper adopts laser surfacing technology to carry out laser repair experiment of sea water pump shaft. The object of repair is a worn 1.5 m long seawater pump shaft with a diameter of 30 cm. The experimental results show that the laser repair can lead to large thermal stress concentration and deformation due to the heat being quickly guided through the substrate. The repairing layer and the shaft base are metallurgically bonded, the bonding strength is high, and the repairing layer is more wear-resistant. The use of greatly improve the work efficiency, but also reduces the difficulty of field operations.