湘潭市是一个以重工业、制造业为主的工业老城,在计划经济时期,曾得到了国家的重点支持。但是,随着计划经济向市场经济的转变,在计划经济条件下形成的国有企业“人多、债多”、企业办社会负担重、机制不活等深层次矛盾逐步暴露出来。从1995年开始,湘潭工业经济逐步滑向低谷,到1 Xiangtan City is an industrial old town dominated by heavy industry and manufacturing industry. During the planned economy, it had received the key state support. However, with the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, the deep-rooted contradictions among the state-owned enterprises under the planned economy, such as “a large population and a large number of debts”, heavy corporate social responsibilities and inaction of the mechanism, are gradually exposed. Since 1995, Xiangtan’s industrial economy has gradually slipped to a low point