【出台背景】2008年山东省在全国率先建立孤儿基本生活保障制度。目前,全省集中和分散养育孤儿基本生活费发放标准,分别达到每人每月1200元和720元,较好地保障了孤儿的基本生活。但在发放孤儿基本生活费的过程中,发现还有一些在出生、发育和成长过程中遇到特殊困难境遇或失去父母照顾的未满18周岁的儿童,生活在困境之中。特别是2014年本省在济南市儿童福利院开 [Background] In 2008, Shandong Province took the lead in establishing the basic living security system for orphans in China. At present, the province centralized and decentralized orphans basic living expenses payment standards, respectively, 1,200 yuan per person per month and 720 yuan, better protect the orphan’s basic life. However, during the payment of the orphans ’basic living expenses, some children under 18 years of age who have encountered special difficulties in their birth, development and growth or have lost their parents’ care are found living in difficulties. Especially in 2014, the province opened in Jinan Children’s Welfare Institution