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对于钢中微量稀土元素的光谱分析,往往预先以氟化氨沉淀法使稀土氟化物分离后再进行摄谱,如此可以提高分析灵敏度,并且可以用中型水晶摄谱仪分析,但在沉淀时对于控制溶液的 pH 值有一定的要求。本文介绍了对于酸度要求不严格的氟氢酸—盐酸沉淀法,加入镨作为沉淀富集剂,沉淀时间较短,并且观察了铁对工作曲线影响的问题。方法能用于碳素钢及低合金钢中稀土的分析,镧及铈的分析下限各为0.001%及0.003%。
For the trace analysis of trace rare earth elements in steel, rare earth fluorides are often pretreated with ammonium fluoride precipitation followed by spectroscopy, which increases the sensitivity of the analysis and can be analyzed with a medium crystal spectrograph, but for precipitation Control the pH of the solution have certain requirements. This article describes the hydrofluoric acid-hydrochloric acid precipitation method which is not strict with the acidity requirement, adds praseodymium as a sedimentation enrichment agent, has a short settling time, and observes the effect of iron on the working curve. The method can be used for the analysis of rare earths in carbon steel and low alloy steel. The lower limits of analysis for lanthanum and cerium are 0.001% and 0.003% respectively.