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对转玉米 pepc基因水稻进行观察研究 ,发现玉米 pepc基因不仅在水稻中高水平表达而且能稳定遗传。转基因水稻的PEPC活性比非转基因对照提高 10倍以上 ,其单株有效穗、穗总粒数、千粒重和单株产量等主要经济性状指标分别比原始亲本Kitaake提高 14 .9%、5 .7%、1.3%和 13.9%。 1998年以来 ,利用转 pepc基因水稻与杂交稻亲本杂交 ,经 5年 7代选育得出以下结果 :(1)玉米 pepc基因在新遗传背景下仍能高水平表达并能稳定遗传 ;(2 )F1的PEPC活性介于双亲之间 ,其饱和光合速率提高 5 0 % ,与双亲的差异达显著水平 ,利用高光效基因提高水稻杂种优势具有可行性 ;(3)PEPC活性与饱和光合速率呈极显著正相关 (r =0 .6 4 70 ) ,可将水稻叶片中的PEPC活性作为鉴定高光效水稻的主要生理指标 ;(4)转育成 3个较稳定的高光效水稻株系 ;(5 )建立了潮霉素催芽初选、分子标记抽检、田间表型决选和生理生化指标定量鉴定的高光效水稻筛选技术体系
The pepc transgenic rice was observed and found that the maize pepc gene is not only expressed at high levels in rice but also stable genetic. The PEPC activity of transgenic rice was more than 10 times higher than that of non-transgenic control. The main economic traits such as panicle per panicle, total grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight and yield per plant were 14.9% and 5.7% , 1.3% and 13.9% respectively. Since 1998, crosses of pepc transgenic rice and hybrid rice parents have been conducted. The results of five generations of 7 generations showed the following results: (1) The pepc gene in maize was highly expressed and stable in the new genetic background; (2) ) PEPC activity of F1 was between parents, and its photosynthetic rate was increased by 50%. The difference between PEPC and parents was significant. It is feasible to use high light efficiency gene to improve heterosis of rice. (3) PEPC activity and photosynthetic rate (P <0.05), PEPC activity in rice leaves could be used as the main physiological index to identify high light-efficiency rice; (4) Transformed into 3 more stable high light-efficiency rice lines; (5) ) Established a high-efficiency rice screening technology system of hygromycin primary germination, molecular marker sampling, field selection and physiological and biochemical indicators quantitative identification