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基于一栋高层建筑的刚性模型表面压力测量风洞试验数据,分析了高宽比较大且截面为方形的高层建筑横风向风效应的共同特征。得到如下结论:高层建筑横截面为方形时,其横风向风荷载主要由规则性旋涡脱落导致的尾流激励构成,为窄带随机激励;当高层建筑的高宽比较大时,基阶固有频率相对较低;当高层建筑兼具方形截面和大高宽比这两个特征时,其基阶固有频率可能接近其尾流的旋涡脱落频率,从而发生剧烈的横风向涡激共振。建筑结构截面的小幅增大可使这种剧烈的横风向涡激共振得到有效控制。上部外形的适当处理,也可能有效降低高层建筑的横风向等效风荷载。低矮群楼的出现将在一定程度上影响高层建筑的风荷载。
Based on the wind tunnel test data of the rigid model surface pressure of a tall building, the common characteristics of the crosswind wind effect of tall buildings with high aspect ratio and square cross section are analyzed. The conclusion is drawn as follows: when the cross section of high-rise building is square, the transverse wind load is mainly composed of the wake excitation caused by the shedding of regular vortex and is a narrow-band random excitation; when the height-width ratio of high-rise building is relatively large, When the high-rise building has both the characteristics of square section and large aspect ratio, the fundamental frequency of the basement may be close to the vortex shedding frequency of its wake, resulting in violent transverse wind vortex-induced resonance. The small increase of the cross section of the building structure can effectively control the violent transverse wind vortex-induced resonance. Appropriate treatment of the upper profile may also effectively reduce the cross-wind equivalent wind load on high-rise buildings. The emergence of low dwarf buildings will to a certain extent affect the wind load of tall buildings.