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目的探索蚤和螨的监测方法,了解长春市各种鼠鼠体蚤的种属组成和季节消长情况,为拓展主要病媒生物的监测项目,下一步开展蚤、螨的监测工作奠定良好的基础。方法采用鼠笼法捕鼠,在活鼠体上梳检蚤和螨。结果捕到鼠2科4种,即鼠科的褐家鼠、小家鼠和黑线姬鼠,仓鼠科田鼠亚科的棕背鼠平,褐家鼠仍然为优势种;梳检到蚤2科3属3种,即栉眼蚤科新蚤属的二齿新蚤和栉眼蚤属的同源栉眼蚤指名亚种、角叶蚤科单蚤属的不等单蚤[1];梳检到螨4种,以格氏血厉螨为优势种。此外,还梳检到未能做最后种属鉴定的恙螨12只、鼠体虱14只。结论长春市优势鼠种为褐家鼠,褐家鼠的主要寄生蚤为不等单蚤和二齿新蚤,主要寄生螨为格氏血厉螨和耶厉螨。
Objective To explore the methods of monitoring fleas and mites, understand the species composition and seasonal fluctuation of fleas in various mice in Changchun, and lay a good foundation for further monitoring of fleas and mites in order to expand the monitoring program of major vectors . Methods Rat squirrels were used to capture fleas and mites on live mice. Results There were 4 species of rodents, 2 species of Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus, Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus still dominant species; Section 3 genera and 3 species, that is, a new flea of the genus Culicidae new genus Daphnia and the family of the same species of the genus Glaucous fleas denominated subspecies, the genus Daphnipodidae Daphnia magna [1]; Comb-seized 4 species of mites, the dominant species of germplasm mites. In addition, 12 chigger mites and 14 mouse lice that failed to make the final species identification were combed. Conclusion The predominant species of rodents in Changchun are Rattus norvegicus. The main parasitoid fleas of Rattus norvegicus are Daphnia magna and Daphnia magna, the main parasitic mites are Helicoverpa spp.