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目的了解沈阳市食源性致病菌的污染状况,提高食源性疾病预警和控制能力。方法 2011—2013年,对沈阳市采集的8类食品进行8种致病菌监测,按照《全国食源性致病菌监测工作手册》进行操作。结果共采集560份样品,检出致病菌58株,总检出率为10.36%。其中蜡样芽胞杆菌检出率为12.75%(13/102),副溶血性弧菌检出率为10.24%(17/166),单核细胞增生李斯特菌检出率为8.90%(13/146),沙门菌检出率为0.58%(2/342),金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为2.65%(9/339),诺如病毒检出率为1.81%(3/166),志贺菌检出1株,未检出阪崎肠杆菌。检出率最高的是婴幼儿配方食品,检出率为28.85%(15/52);其次为地方特色食品(冷面),检出率为23.08%(6/26)。结论沈阳市食品受到不同程度的致病菌污染,存在食物中毒和发生食源性疾病的隐患,应加强食源性致病菌的监测。
Objective To understand the status of food-borne pathogens in Shenyang and to improve the ability of early warning and control of food-borne diseases. Methods From 2011 to 2013, eight kinds of pathogenic bacteria were collected from 8 kinds of food collected in Shenyang City. The operation was conducted in accordance with the “National Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Monitoring Manual”. Results A total of 560 samples were collected and 58 pathogenic bacteria were detected. The total detection rate was 10.36%. The detection rate of Bacillus cereus was 12.75% (13/102), the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was 10.24% (17/166), the detection rate of Listeria monocytogenes was 8.90% (13 / 146), Salmonella detection rate was 0.58% (2/342), Staphylococcus aureus detection rate was 2.65% (9/339), Norovirus detection rate was 1.81% (3/166), Shiga 1 strain was detected and Enterobacter sakazakii was not detected. The highest detection rate was infant formula, the detection rate was 28.85% (15/52); followed by local specialty foods (cold noodles), the detection rate was 23.08% (6/26). Conclusion The food in Shenyang is polluted by pathogens to varying degrees. Food poisoning and foodborne diseases are the hidden dangers. Foodborne pathogens should be monitored.