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目的了解顺义区中小学生甲型H1N1流感抗体水平及变化趋势,为预测该病在学校的流行趋势提供依据。方法于2010年1月—2011年4月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,4次共抽取顺义区891名中小学生进行问卷调查,并采集血清检测甲型H1N1流感抗体水平。结果中小学生甲型H1N1抗体阳性率为53.0%,平均抗体滴度为1∶27.8,抗体阳性者滴度水平主要集中在1∶40~1∶320,占总体阳性数的96.8%。2010年1月、3—4月、7—8月和2011年3—4月4个时间点人群抗体阳性率分别为40.9%,73.8%,52.9%和42.7%,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01),自2010年3—4月起抗体阳性率有随时间而下降的趋势(P<0.05)。抗体阳性率的性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同年龄组、城乡、学段间学生抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论顺义区多数学生具有甲型H1N1流感病毒保护性抗体,学生抗体阳性率有随时间下降的趋势。需加强对学生宣教,实施流感疫苗接种措施。
Objective To understand the level and trend of influenza A (H1N1) antibody in primary and secondary school students in Shunyi District, and to provide a basis for predicting the prevalence of the disease in schools. Methods From January 2010 to April 2011, a total of 891 primary and secondary school students in Shunyi District were enrolled in the questionnaire survey by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The antibody levels of serum samples of Influenza A (H1N1) were collected. Results The positive rate of type A H1N1 antibody in primary and secondary school students was 53.0% with an average antibody titer of 1:27.8. The titer of antibody titer was mainly 1:40 to 1: 320, accounting for 96.8% of the total positive number. The positive rates of antibody in the population at 4 months from January to March 2010, March to April, July to August and March to April in 2011 were 40.9%, 73.8%, 52.9% and 42.7%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P (All P <0.01). The positive rate of antibody decreased with time from March to April 2010 (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the antibody positive rate among the sexes (P> 0.05). The positive rates of antibody among different age groups, urban and rural areas, and between schools were all statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions Most of the students in Shunyi District have protective antibodies against influenza A (H1N1) virus, and the positive rate of antibody in the students tends to decrease with time. Need to strengthen the education of students, the implementation of influenza vaccination measures.