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【目的】研究豫中地区烤烟品种NC297与豫烟5号在物理性状、经济性状、化学成分及致香物质上对施氮量的响应,为豫中地区浓香型烤烟品种施肥提供技术支持。【方法】以NC297、豫烟5号2个烤烟品种为材料,设置施氮量梯度(0,22.5,45,67.5和90kg/hm2)试验,分析2个品种在物理性状、经济性状、化学成分及致香物质上对施氮量的响应趋势,提出2个品种的最优施氮水平。【结果】在施氮量0～90kg/hm2时,叶长、叶宽、叶面积、单叶质量、叶质重与施氮量呈线性相关;叶片厚度、含梗率与施氮量间存在二次曲线关系,随着施氮量的增加叶片厚度先升高后降低,含梗率先降低后升高。产量、产值、均价、上等烟比例与施氮量的关系均为二次曲线相关,随着施氮量的增加,产量逐渐上升,但增加幅度逐渐减小,NC297、豫烟5号获得最大产值时的施氮量分别为42.92和44.34kg/hm2;均价最高时的施氮量分别为27.81和29.43kg/hm2;上等烟比例达到最大值时的施氮量分别为40.62和37.91kg/hm2。NC297、豫烟5号均以施氮量22.5和45kg/hm2处理化学成分最为协调,致香物质含量以施氮量45kg/hm2处理最高。【结论】NC297、豫烟5号的最适宜施氮量分别为27.81～42.92,29.43～44.34kg/hm2。2个品种均属于低氮高效品种,可在豫中地区推广种植,以减少资源浪费和环境污染。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the response of nitrogen and nitrogen to the physical traits, economic traits, chemical constituents and aroma components of tobacco varieties NC297 and Yuanyu No.5 in the middle region of Henan Province, and to provide technical support for the fertilization of Luzhou-Henan flue-cured tobacco varieties. 【Method】 Two flue-cured tobacco varieties NC297 and Yuyan No.5 were used as materials to set up nitrogen fertilizer gradients (0,22.5,45,67.5 and 90kg / hm2). The effects of two varieties on physical properties, economic characters, chemical composition And the aroma of substances on the response rate of nitrogen fertilizer, put forward two varieties of optimum nitrogen level. 【Result】 Leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, single leaf mass, leaf mass weight and nitrogen application rate were linearly correlated with nitrogen application rates from 0 to 90 kg / hm2. Leaf thickness, With the curve of quadratic curve, the leaf thickness first increased and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The relationship between yield, output value, average price, superior tobacco proportion and nitrogen application rate were all quadratic curve correlation. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the yield increased gradually but the increasing rate decreased gradually. NC297 and Yuyan5 The maximum N application rates were 42.92 and 44.34 kg / hm2, respectively. The highest nitrogen application rates were 27.81 and 29.43 kg / hm2, respectively. The highest NUE rates were 40.62 and 37.91 kg / hm2. The chemical compositions of NC297 and Yuyan No.5 were the most coordinated with the nitrogen application rates of 22.5 and 45kg / hm2, respectively, and the aroma components were the highest with the nitrogen application rate of 45kg / hm2. 【Conclusion】 The optimum nitrogen application rates of NC297 and Yuyan No.5 were 27.81 ~ 42.92 and 29.43 ~ 44.34kg / hm2, respectively. All the two cultivars belonged to low nitrogen and high efficiency cultivars, which could be popularized in central Henan to reduce the waste of resources And environmental pollution.