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目的了解四川省农村义务教育中小学生营养状况,为进行学生营养改善提供可靠的依据。方法按照《农村义务教育学生营养改善计划营养健康状况监测评估工作方案(试行)》进行抽样、调查与体检。结果 2013-2014年四川省农村中小学学生营养不良率分别为23.01%和23.52%。2014年学生营养不良率高于2013年学生营养不良率,经比较其差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.73,P<0.01)。2013年四川省农村中小学男生营养不良率(25.36%)高于女生(20.39%),2014年四川省农村中小学男生营养不良率(25.96)高于女生(20.80%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为435.61和849.29,P<0.01)。2013年与2014年四川省农村中小学学生肥胖率分别为3.55%和2.74%。2014年学生肥胖率低于2013年学生肥胖率,经比较其差异有统计学意义(χ2=145.90,P<0.01)。2013年四川省农村中小学男生肥胖率(3.80%)高于女生(3.30%);2014年四川省农村中小学男生肥胖率(2.99%)高于女生(2.62%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为22.79和28.55,P<0.01)。结论四川省农村义务教育阶段中小学学生营养不良问题依然存在,其状况堪忧,应采取有针对性的营养干预措施,改善学生营养状况。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in rural compulsory education in Sichuan Province and provide a reliable basis for the improvement of students’ nutrition. Methods The sampling, investigation and physical examination were conducted in accordance with the “Work plan of nutrition and health monitoring and assessment of rural compulsory education students nutrition improvement plan (for trial implementation)”. Results The malnutrition rates of rural primary and secondary school students in 2013-2014 were 23.01% and 23.52% respectively. The malnutrition rate of students in 2014 was higher than that of students in 2013, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 11.73, P <0.01). In 2013, malnutrition rates of boys and girls in rural primary and secondary schools in Sichuan Province were 25.36% and 20.39% respectively. In 2014, the malnutrition rate of boys and girls in rural primary and secondary schools in Sichuan Province was 25.96% and 20.80% Significance (χ2 values were 435.61 and 849.29, P <0.01). The obesity rates of rural primary and secondary school students in Sichuan Province in 2013 and 2014 were 3.55% and 2.74%, respectively. The prevalence of obesity in 2014 was lower than that in 2013. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 145.90, P <0.01). In 2013, the prevalence of obesity in primary and secondary school boys in rural areas in Sichuan province was 3.80% higher than that in girls (3.30%). In 2014, the prevalence of obesity among boys and girls in primary and secondary schools in rural Sichuan Province was 2.99% (2.62%), with statistical significance (χ2 values were 22.79 and 28.55 respectively, P <0.01). Conclusions The malnutrition of primary and secondary school students in rural compulsory education in rural areas in Sichuan Province still exists. The situation is worrisome. Targeted nutrition interventions should be taken to improve students’ nutritional status.