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文本采用问卷调查和个人访谈相结合的方法,调查了吉尔吉斯斯坦最大的东干族散居区——比什凯克市的东干族母语使用状况、语言使用模式、语言使用范围及媒介接触情况,旨在反映城镇化进程中东干族语言保持和流失方面的特点,并为东干学界提供确切的研究资料。文本还进一步探讨了熟练双语双文人同年龄、职业、性别、教育程度等社会诸因素的关系,并通过分析东干语家校教育机会及语言政策预测了东干族语言能力的发展前景。结果显示,家庭教育是东干族成为熟练双语人的重要因素,而学校教育是成为熟练双文人的重要因素,随着学校东干语教学课时的压缩,东干族熟练双语人的比率有望继续保持,但依赖学校系统教育的熟练双文人比率将趋于减少。
This paper investigates the use of mother tongues, language use patterns, language use and media exposure of the Donggan people in Kyrgyzstan, the largest residential area in East-east Kyrgyzstan by means of questionnaires and personal interviews. It aims to reflect the characteristics of the preservation and loss of Donggan language in the process of urbanization and provide the Donggan academic community with accurate research materials. The text further explores the relationship between skilled bilingual bilinguals and various social factors such as age, occupation, gender and educational level. The paper also predicts the development prospects of Donggan language ability by analyzing the educational opportunities and language policies in Donggan language. The results show that family education is an important factor for the Donggan community to be a skilled bilingual. School education is an important factor in becoming a bilingual student. With the compression of teaching hours in the Donggan language in schools, the ratio of skilled bilingual speakers in the Donggan community is expected to continue Maintained, however, the percentage of skilled bilingual writers who rely on the school system will tend to decrease.