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目的：：探讨双歧三联活菌胶囊辅助早期肠内营养用于重型颅脑损伤患者的疗效观察。方法：重度颅脑损伤患者80例随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组患者予单纯早期肠内营养支持治疗,观察组患者予双歧三联活菌胶囊联合早期肠内营养支持治疗。治疗10 d后观察两组患者肠道菌群失调和腹泻发生率,并比较治疗前后格拉斯哥昏迷评分( GCS)、序贯器官衰竭估计评分( SOFA)、急性生理慢性健康状况评分( APACHE Ⅱ)、血清白蛋白( Alb)、血红蛋白( Hb)的变化及药品不良反应。结果：治疗后,两组患者GCS评分均较前明显上升,SOFA评分及APACHE II评分较前明显下降(P<0.05或0.01),且观察组上升或下降值明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗期间菌群失调及腹泻发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者Alb和Hb水平均较前明显下降(P<0.05或0.01),且对照组下降较观察组更明显(P0.05)。结论：双歧三联活菌胶囊辅助早期肠内营养用于重型颅脑损伤患者安全有效。“,”Objective:To discuss the efficacy of bifid triple viable capsules combined with early enteral nutrition in the patients with severe head injury. Methods:Totally 80 cases of patients with severe head injury were divided into the observation group and the control group at random. The patients in the observation group were given bifid triple viable capsules combined with early enteral nutri-tion supporting treatment, while the patients in the control group were only given early enteral nutrition supporting treatment. The oc-currence rates of alteration of intestinal flora and diarrhea in the two groups were observed after the 10-day medical treatment, and the changes of GCS,SOFA and APACHE scores,serum ALb,Hb and adverse reactions were compared before and after the medical treat-ment. Results:After the 10-day medical treatment, the GCS score of patients in the two groups was increased when compared with that before the treatment,while SOFA and APACHE scores were lower than those before the treatment (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01), and the changes in the observation group were more notable than those in the control group (P<0. 05). The occurrence rates of alteration of intestinal flora and diarrhea of patients in the observation group were much lower than those in the control group during the medical treatment (P<0. 05). After the 10-day medical treatment, ALb and Hb levels of patients in the two groups were obviously lower than those before the treatment (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01), and the declining in the control group was much higher than that in the observation group (P0. 05). Conclusion:Bifid triple viable capsules combined with early enteral nutrition have favorable curative effect with good safety in the patients with se-vere head injury.