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几年来在诱变育种的研究中,先后选育出一些早熟、荚密、丰产、籽粒品质优良、抗逆性较强的大豆新类型。其中Co ~0γ—1.0万伦辐照“丰山一号”后,决选出龙辐73—8955突变系,较原品种早熟3—5天、秆强、荚密、耐轻盐碱,在垧保苗15万株的情况下,一般可获200—250斤/亩的产量,肇东县确定为后备品种。 突变系的选育过程中,观察到辐射处理当代,种子的出苗率、植株存活率有随剂量升高而降低的趋势;幼苗生长,植株发育均受不同程度的抑制。辐照种子后,对改变成熟期,改进籽粒性状有明显的诱变效果;对增加秆的强度,提高产量也有良好的综合引变效果。出现茸毛,结荚习性,叶片大小、形状等变异,扩大了大豆种质来源。为提高诱变效率及选择机率,应深入研究诱变的处理方法;不同理化因素的诱变特异性,以及当代植株类型与后代有益变异的关系等问题。
In the past few years in mutagenesis breeding research, we have bred some early maturity, pod dense, high yield, good grain quality, strong resistance to new types of soybeans. Co ~ 0γ-1.0 Wanlun irradiation “Fengshan One”, the final selection of the Longfu 73-8955 mutant lines, 3-5 days earlier than the original varieties, strong stalk, pod dense, resistance to salt and alkali, in the垧 Paul seedlings 150,000 cases, the general availability of 200-250 kg / mu of output, Zhaodong County identified as a reserve species. In the process of breeding of mutant lines, it was observed that the seedling emergence rate and seedling emergence rate decreased with the increase of dose at the present stage of radiation treatment. Seedling growth and plant development were inhibited to some extent. Irradiation of seeds, the change of maturity, improve grain traits have obvious mutagenic effect; increase the stalk strength, increase yield also has a good comprehensive lead effect. Hairy, pod habit, leaf size, shape and other variations, expanding the source of soybean germplasm. In order to improve the mutagenic efficiency and the probability of selection, we should study in depth the methods of mutagenesis, the mutagenicity of different physical and chemical factors, the relationship between the contemporary plant type and the beneficial variation of the offspring.