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目的了解广东省惠州市2012-2014年流行性感冒的流行病学特征,为流行性感冒的防治工作提供科学依据。方法对2012年1月-2014年12月广东省惠州市全市流行性感冒网报数据进行分析。结果 2012年1月-2014年12月累计报告流行性感冒病例10 650例,其中2012-2014年分别报告1 000、1 825、7 825例。男性6 161例(57.85%),女性4 489例(42.15%),男女性别比为1.37:1;2012-2014年惠州地区流行性感冒病例的性别构成均表现为男性高于女性,各年份间差异有统计学意义(χ2=46.969,P<0.001)。病例主要集中在0~4岁儿童6 295例,占59.11%;2012-2014年3年各年龄段流行性感冒构成比的排序的前3位均为0岁~、5岁~、25岁~年龄组;不同年份间不同年龄流行性感冒病例构成比之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=281.95,P<0.001)。惠州市的惠城区、博罗县、惠东县的报告发病人数最多,分别占47.32%、29.74%、9.67%;2012-2014年惠城区、博罗县、惠东县、龙门县报告的流行性感冒病例均呈增长趋势;比较2012-2014年3年间惠州市不同地区流行性感冒病例的构成比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=175.579,P<0.001)。职业分布以学龄前儿童为主,合计7 278例(68.34%);比较2012-2014年3年间不同职业流行性感冒病例的构成比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=162.638,P<0.001)。结论 2012-2014年惠州地区流行性感冒病例人群、时间、地区分布特征明显,15岁以下少年儿童是流行性感冒的高发人群,男性发病高于女性,发病以散居儿童为主,人口密度更大的惠城区、博罗县、惠东县是高发地区。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza from 2012 to 2014 in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods From January 2012 to December 2014, the data of Influenza in the city of Huizhou, Guangdong Province were analyzed. Results A total of 10 650 cases of influenza were reported from January 2012 to December 2014, of which 1 000,1 825,7 825 cases were reported in 2012-2014 respectively. 6 161 (57.85%) were male, 4 489 (42.15%) were female, the male-female ratio was 1. 37: 1. The gender composition of cases of influenza in Huizhou during 2012-2014 was higher for males than females, The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 46.969, P <0.001). The cases were mainly concentrated in 6 295 children aged 0-4 years (59.11%). The top three rankings of influenza constitutional proportions in all age groups from 2012 to 2014 were 0 years old, 5 years old, 25 years old, Age group. There was significant difference in the constituent ratio of influenza among different years (χ2 = 281.95, P <0.001). Huizhou City, Huizhou City, Boluo County, Huidong County, the largest number of reported cases, accounting for 47.32%, 29.74%, 9.67%; 2012-2014 Huicheng District, Boluo County, Huidong County, Longmen County, the prevalence of the report The incidences of influenza were all increasing. Compared with the incidence of influenza in different regions of Huizhou between 2012 and 2014, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 175.579, P <0.001). Occupational distribution was mainly preschoolers, accounting for a total of 7,278 cases (68.34%). The comparisons of the occupational rates of different occupational influenza cases between 2012 and 2014 were statistically significant (χ2 = 162.638, P <0.001). Conclusions The distribution characteristics of time, area and distribution of influenza in Huizhou area during 2012-2014 are obvious. The children and adolescents under 15 years of age are the high incidence of influenza, the incidence of male is higher than that of female, the incidence is mainly of scattered children, and the population density is larger Hui District, Boluo County, Huidong County is a high incidence area.