目的　观察格林 巴利综合征 (GBS)患者及其亚组的HLA基因分布与正常对照的差异 ,以寻找GBS的遗传易感性及其与GBS自身免疫因素的关系。方法　采用参照Olerup等的文献合成的序列特异性寡核苷酸引物 ,用PCR SSP方法对 4 7例GBS患者、7例CJ肠炎和 50例正常对照进行HLA分型。结果　在整个GBS组、CJ组、有CJ近期感染的GBS组、IgG型和IgM型GM1抗体阳性的GBS组 ,HLA DQA、 DQB和 DRB基因的分布与正常对照的差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。DQA1 0 30 2在有CJ近期感染的GBS组有增高趋势 (x2 =2 .936 ,P=0 .0 87) ,RR =3.587;DQA1 0 30 1在IgG型GM1抗体阳性的GBS患者有增高的趋势 (x2 =3.6 59,P =0 .0 51) ,RR =2 .991。结论　目前没有发现GBS及其亚组中HLA DQA1、 DQB1和 DRB基因的频率与正常对照组存在差异 ,但是个别基因的频率表现出增高的趋势 ,可能存在与特定的免疫因素之间的关系 ,有待于扩大样本进一步观察。 Objective To observe the differences of HLA gene distribution in patients with GBS and its subgroups with those of normal controls in order to find out the genetic predisposition of GBS and the relationship with GBS autoimmune factors. Methods HLA-typing of 47 patients with GBS, 7 CJ enteritis and 50 normal controls was performed by PCR SSP using the sequence-specific oligonucleotide primers synthesized by Olerup et al. Results The distribution of HLA DQA, DQB and DRB genes in GBS group, CJ group, GBS group with recent CJ infection, GM1 antibody with IgG and IgM type was not significantly different from the normal control (P> 0 .0 5). DQA1 0 30 2 There was an increasing tendency in GBS group with recent CJ infection (x2 = 2. 936, P = 0.087), RR = 3.587; DQA1 0 30 1 was increased in GBS patients with IgG type GM1 antibody Trend (x2 = 3.6 59, P = 0 .0 51), RR = 2 .991. Conclusions The frequencies of HLA DQA1, DQB1 and DRB genes in GBS and its subgroups were not found to be different from those in normal controls at present. However, the frequency of individual genes showed an increasing trend, and the relationship with specific immune factors may exist. To expand the sample for further observation.