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20世纪50年代的中苏实习生培训项目使中国认识到这项国际技术援助对于快速实现国家现代化和巩固社会主义政治联盟的重要作用。中国因而在培训朝鲜、越南等兄弟国家实习生的过程中仿照苏联模式同步建立自身的实习生培训体制。从50年代中后期到60年代早期,实习生培训规模不断扩大且制度不断完善,同时,由于中苏分裂和国际意识形态斗争加剧的影响,实习生培训方针由技术为主转为政治优先,意识形态教育的重要性逐渐超过技术培训本身。过分强调意识形态教育使得文革时期的实习生培训工作严重停滞,直至70年代的去意识形态化调整的实现,实习生培训工作才回归正轨。实习生培训政策的演变显示技术援助之外的意识形态诉求使得援助行为本身变得错综复杂,意识形态的过度强化和技术本位的丧失都会直接削弱援助效果。
The Sino-Soviet trainee training program in the 1950s made China realize the important role of this international technical aid in rapidly realizing the country’s modernization and in consolidating the political alliance of the socialist countries. As a result, China trained itself as a trainee in North Korea, Vietnam and other fraternal countries to establish its own intern training system in keeping with the Soviet model. From the mid-late 1950s to the early 1960s, the training of interns continued to expand and the system continued to improve. At the same time, due to the split between China and the Soviet Union and the intensification of the international ideological struggle, the training orientation of interns changed from technology to political priority and consciousness The importance of morphological education gradually exceeds that of technical training itself. Too much emphasis on ideological education made the training of trainees seriously stagnated during the Cultural Revolution, and it was not until the realization of ideological adjustment in the 1970s that trainee training was back on track. The evolution of intern training policies shows that ideological appeals other than technical assistance complicate the aid itself, and the excessive strengthening of ideology and the loss of technical standards can directly undermine the effectiveness of aid.