The primary goal of shoulder rehabilitation is to restore optimal pain-free shoulder function. In general terms, shoulder rehabilitation involves control of pain and inflammation,early non-traumatic motion, muscle reactivation, strengthening of shoulder group muscles, and restoration of normal shoulder function within the kinetic-kinematic chain. Finally, sports and activity-specific rehabilitative exercise are essential to maximize function and ret the patient to their prior sport or activity without deficit. This discussion will review recent research findings that have expanded our knowledge and understanding of shoulder function and which will serve as guidelines for a state-of-the-art shoulder rehabilitation program.rn