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本文分别从制药公司、患者和规制者的角度探讨了差别定价对药品市场的影响。首先,由于差别定价允许制药公司在高收入国家索要超过边际生产成本的价格,因此能够有效为其筹集研发补偿金,更好地激励创新;同时差别定价也带动了保密性折扣的广泛使用。其次,差别定价提高了现存药品的可及性和未来创新药品的可及性,增加了患者福利。最后,在规制者认识到差别定价对制药公司和患者的正面影响后,很可能会弱化损害市场分隔的相关政策,在整体决策时做出更科学的权衡。
This article explores the impact of differential pricing on the pharmaceutical market from the perspectives of pharmaceutical companies, patients and regulators. First, because differential pricing allows pharmaceutical companies to claim prices in excess of marginal cost of production in high-income countries, they can effectively raise R & D compensation for them and better stimulate innovation. Meanwhile, differential pricing has also led to the widespread use of confidentiality discounts. Second, differential pricing increases the availability of existing medicines and the availability of future innovative medicines, increasing patient welfare. Finally, regulators, recognizing the positive impact of differential pricing on pharmaceutical companies and patients, are likely to weaken the policies that undermine market segmentation and make a more scientific trade-off as part of an overall decision-making process.