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目的探讨新生儿在出生后2-4d内瞬态诱发性耳声发射(TEOAE)强度的性别和左右耳差异。方法对新生儿190名(380耳),在出生后2-4d内行TEOAE检测。结果新生儿TEOAE的声压级强度为1.4-29.5dB。女婴组为(14.66±4.56)dB,男婴组为(14.13±4.39)dB,差异无统计学意义(t=1.15,P=0.259)。本组新生儿右耳TEOAE声压级强度为(15.22±4.36)dB,左耳为(13.58±4.469)dB,右耳较左耳高1.64dB,差异有统计学意义(t=3.62,P=0.00)。同时,左、右耳差异在男婴中(1.96dB)比女婴(1.61dB)更为显著。结论在出生后2-4d的新生儿TEOAE强度已经存在明显的左、右耳差异,而且两耳间差异在男性更为明显,但是TEOAE的性别差异在这一时期还不显著,在新生儿听力筛查时需考虑到TEOAE强度在左、右耳和性别之间的差异。
Objective To investigate the gender and right and left ear differences of transient induced otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) in neonates within 2-4 days after birth. Methods 190 newborns (380 ears) were examined with TEOAE within 2-4 days after birth. Results The sound pressure level intensity of neonatal TEOAE was 1.4-29.5dB. (14.66 ± 4.56) dB in female infant group and (14.13 ± 4.39) dB in male infant group, the difference was not statistically significant (t = 1.15, P = 0.259). The TEOAE sound pressure intensity of the newborn right ear was (15.22 ± 4.36) dB, the left ear was (13.58 ± 4.469) dB, and the right ear was 1.64dB higher than the left ear. The difference was statistically significant (t = 3.62, P = 0.00). At the same time, left and right ear differences in the baby boy (1.96dB) than the baby girl (1.61dB) more significant. CONCLUSIONS: 2-4 days after birth, the TEOAE intensity of neonates has obvious left and right ear differences, and the difference between the two ears is more obvious in males. However, the gender difference of TEOAE is not significant at this period. Screening should take into account the strength of TEOAE in the left, right ear and gender differences.