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我国的流域管理有着悠久的历史,元、明、清三个朝代都曾有河务机构,设有河道总督、漕运总督,管理目的侧重在治河与防洪,或保证南粮北运。本世纪初开始,在主要江河分别设置了流域管理机构。新中国成立后,大江大河的流域机构重新组建,管理职能也逐步加强;同时,一些省、自治区、直辖市也相继建立起本行政区域内的河流流域管理机构,对河道和水工程发挥着管理职能。多年来,流域管理机构在水资源规划、调查评价、科学研究、合理调配水源以及水事协调方面都作了大量工作,积累了经验,摸索出一系列有效的办法。
The river basin management in our country has a long history. All the three dynasties in Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties had river bodies, including the river governor and the governor of water transportation. The purpose of management was to control rivers and flood control, or to ensure that the grain was shipped to the North. Beginning of this century, the river basins have been set up in major rivers. After the founding of New China, river basins in major rivers were reorganized and their management functions gradually strengthened. At the same time, some provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government also successively established river basin management agencies within their respective administrative regions and played a management role in river courses and water projects . Over the years, river basin management agencies have done a great deal of work in water resources planning, investigation and evaluation, scientific research, rational deployment of water sources and water coordination. They have accumulated experience and worked out a series of effective measures.