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[目的]探索春季冻害下防冻剂处理对小麦生理特征和产量等的影响。[方法]以‘淮麦30’和‘济麦22’为材料,分析防冻剂1号和美洲星对不同抗寒性小麦品种生理特征和产量及其构成因素的影响。[结果]春季冻害下,防冻剂1号和美洲星处理能显著提高‘淮麦30’和‘济麦22’的叶绿素和游离脯氨酸含量,增加SOD活性,降低MDA含量,提高品种的抗寒能力。处理间,防冻剂1号和美洲星无显著差异。同时,‘淮麦30’和‘济麦22’的穗粒数、千粒重和地上部分生物量均较对照显著增加,进而提高了小麦的产量和收获指数。[结论]在春季冻害下,喷施防冻剂1号和美洲星均能提高小麦抗寒性并能提高小麦产量。
[Objective] The research aimed to explore the effects of antifreeze treatment under spring frost damage on physiological characteristics and yield of wheat. [Method] With ’Huaimai 30’ and ’Jimai 22’ as materials, the effects of Antifreeze 1 and American star on physiological characteristics, yield and its components of different cold resistance wheat cultivars were analyzed. [Result] Under the frost damage in spring, antifreeze 1 and American star could significantly increase the content of chlorophyll and free proline of ’Huaimai 30’ and ’Jimai 22’, increase the activity of SOD, decrease the content of MDA and increase the resistance of variety Cold ability. There was no significant difference between the antifreeze No. 1 and American Star in the treatment room. At the same time, the grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and aboveground biomass of ’Huaimai 30’ and ’Jimai 22’ increased significantly compared with the control, which further increased the yield and harvest index of wheat. [Conclusion] Under the frost damage in spring, the application of antifreeze 1 and American star can improve the cold resistance of wheat and increase the yield of wheat.