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甲状腺疾病是一组比较复杂的内分泌疾病,用于该疾病检测的实验室项目也日益增多,今天我们主要讨论甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体在我院临床诊断甲状腺类疾病的应用。甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPO)是位于甲状腺上皮细胞的顶端细胞膜上,直接参与甲状腺细胞中的氧化酪氨酸的碘化及碘化酪氨酸的偶联等。它是甲状腺激素合成过程中的关键酶。TPO也是自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的(AITD)一种重要的自身抗原,可以刺激机体免疫系统产生TPO抗体(TPO-Ab)。TPO-Ab作为AITD一种主要的自身抗体,可通过激活补体,抗体依赖细胞介导的细胞毒作用和致敏的T杀伤细胞直接杀伤等作用机制,引起甲状腺滤胞损伤,间接的抑制甲状腺的合成,导致甲状腺功能减退的主要机制。所以TPO-Ab水平的检测是诊断AITD的一项不可缺少的实验室指标。
Thyroid disease is a group of more complex endocrine diseases, laboratory testing for the disease is also an increasing number of projects, today we mainly discuss thyroid peroxidase antibody in our hospital clinical diagnosis of thyroid diseases. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is located in the top of the thyroid epithelial cell membrane, directly involved in thyroid cells in the oxidative tyrosine iodide and iodine tyrosine coupling. It is the key enzyme in thyroid hormone synthesis. TPO is also an important autoantigen of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) that stimulates the body’s immune system to produce TPO antibodies (TPO-Ab). TPO-Ab, as a major autoantibody of AITD, can cause thyroid cell injury by indirectly activating the mechanism of complement-dependent, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and sensitized direct killing by T killer cells, indirectly inhibiting thyroid Synthesis, resulting in the main mechanism of hypothyroidism. Therefore, the detection of TPO-Ab levels is an indispensable laboratory diagnostic criteria for AITD.