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在新生儿重症监护室，恰当的呼吸支持及实时准确的血氧评估是早产儿救治中的重要任务，减少缺氧发作及避免过度氧疗可有效改善早产儿病死率及远期预后。近年研究发现，脉搏氧饱和度直方图通过连续监测24 h血氧情况绘制直方图，直观反映呼吸支持早产儿在目标氧饱和度范围内的时间比例以及缺氧、过氧饱和的时间比例，为临床调节呼吸支持参数及呼吸支持方式提供重要依据。本文就极早早产儿目前呼吸支持及脉搏氧饱和度直方图的应用进行综述。“,”In the neonatal intensive care unit, finding proper respiratory support and real-time accurate blood oxygen assessment are important tasks in the treatment of preterm infants.Reducing hypoxic episodes and avoiding excessive oxygen therapy can effectively improve the mortality and long-term prognosis of preterm infants.In recent years, studies have found that the oxygen saturation histogram, a graphic representation of achieved saturations for 24 hours, can show the percentage of time infants achieve goal saturations and the percentage of time above or below goal saturations.It provides important data for clinical regulation of respiratory support parameters and methods.This study reviewed current research on respiratory support and oxygen saturation histograms in preterm infants.