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乙型肝炎疫苗产生的免疫反应相当缓慢,400例以上健康青年在用40μg 疫苗3次后,1月内仅31%抗体(抗 HBs)阳性,2月内(首次加强后1月)77%阳性,6月第2次加强后96%抗体阳性,男性血透病人抗体阳性更慢。用高滴度乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(HBIG)提供被动性免疫则明显早于疫苗,然而据报告,HBIG 的预防效应相当有限。另外,因免疫球蛋白半衰期短,对连续接触乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)者需反复给予 HBIG,这样价格高昂,易致敏。本文报告90例单用疫苗或与 HBIG 合用的医务人员的致免疫性的研究结果。
The immune response to Hepatitis B vaccine was rather slow, with only 31% of antibodies (anti-HBs) positive in 1 month and more than 77% in 2 months (after first boost) in 400 healthy young adults after 3 doses of 40 μg vaccine , 96% of antibody positive after the second strengthening in June, and the antibody of male hemodialysis patient is more positive. Passive immunization with high titers of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) was significantly earlier than the vaccine, but the preventative effect of HBIG was reported to be fairly limited. In addition, immunoglobulin short half-life, continuous exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) were required to give repeated HBIG, so expensive, easily sensitized. This article reports the results of a study of the immunogenicity of 90 single-use vaccines or medical staff in combination with HBIG.