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目的了解南昌市不同生境的鼠密度及主要鼠传疾病流行情况,并对鼠传疾病发生的风险进行评估。方法鼠种调查采用夹夜法,主要鼠传疾病资料来自传染病疫情报告系统;风险评估采用风险评价指数矩阵法。结果 2006-2008年南昌市平均鼠密度为1.03%,褐家鼠为优势种,占52.55%;其次为小家鼠和黄胸鼠,分别占18.88%和17.35%。3种生境中以农村自然村鼠密度最高,达1.83%;其次是特殊行业,为0.89%;居民区最低,为0.56%。2006-2008年南昌市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的年平均发病率为0.68/10万,3年未见人间鼠疫及鼠间疫情,未来HFRS在南昌市发生的风险为很有可能,鼠疫为有可能发生。结论科学的风险评估体系,有助于预测疾病发生的风险。
Objective To understand the rat density and the prevalence of rodent diseases in different habitats in Nanchang and assess the risk of rodent disease. Methods The rat species were investigated by the method of nocturnal capture. The main rodent disease data were from the infectious disease epidemic reporting system. The risk assessment was based on the risk assessment index matrix method. Results The average rat density was 1.03% in Nanchang from 2006 to 2008, while Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species, accounting for 52.55%, followed by Mus musculus and Rattus flavipectus, accounting for 18.88% and 17.35% respectively. Among the three habitats, the density of rats in rural villages was the highest (1.83%), followed by that of special trades (0.89%) and the lowest in residential areas (0.56%). The annual average incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Nanchang from 2006 to 2008 was 0.68 / 100,000. No epidemic human plague and intrauterine infection occurred in 3 years. In the future, the risk of HFRS in Nanchang City is very high. The plague It may happen. Conclusion Scientific risk assessment system can help predict the risk of disease.