目的通过对儿童急性良性肌炎的临床分析，探讨其病因、症状及其临床意义。方法测定肌痛患儿血清肌酸磷酸激酶（ＣＰＫ）含量。结果 ２３例患儿（９１．３％）ＣＰＫ在肌痛急性期明显升高，为 ３２５～８１７ Ｕ／Ｌ（正常值为３８～１７４ Ｕ／Ｌ）。 ＣＰＫ的下降与临床症状的消失相平行。结论急性良性肌炎的患儿急性期均有肌痛表现，且绝大部分患儿ＣＰＫ显著升高。 Objective To investigate the etiology, symptoms and clinical significance of acute myositis in children through clinical analysis. Methods Determination of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in children with myalgia. Results The CPK in 23 infants (91.3%) was significantly elevated in the acute phase of myalgia, ranging from 325 to 817 U / L (normal range: 38 to 174 U / L). The decline in CPK parallels the disappearance of clinical symptoms. Conclusion Acute myositis in children with acute muscular pain performance, and the vast majority of children with CPK was significantly higher.