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糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)是由于体内血清胰岛素水平降低或缺乏引起的高血糖,高有机酸和酮体堆积导致的代谢性酸中毒,若不及时诊治,患者可呈昏迷状态称为糖尿病昏迷,预后极为严重。儿童Ⅰ型糖尿病(IDDM)酮症酸中毒的发病率可高达50～70％。近年来由于临床上广泛应用胰岛素,DKA的病死率已大为下降,约1％左右,若不及时诊治仍然是儿童糖尿病致死的主要急性并发症。我院于1986～1995年11月共收住院儿童Ⅰ型糖尿病患者209例,其中合并酮症酸中毒者90例占43％,现将诊断与治疗情况报告如下。
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is due to the reduction or lack of serum insulin in the body caused by high blood sugar, high organic acid and ketone accumulation caused by metabolic acidosis, if not timely diagnosis and treatment, patients can be comatose state called diabetic coma , The prognosis is extremely serious. Children with type 1 diabetes (IDDM) ketoacidosis incidence of up to 50 to 70%. In recent years, due to the widespread use of insulin clinically, DKA mortality has dropped significantly, about 1%, if not diagnosed and treated is still the main diabetic death of children with acute complications. Our hospital from 1986 to November 1995 were admitted to hospitalized children with type Ⅰ diabetes in 209 cases, of which 90 cases of ketoacidosis accounted for 43%, now the diagnosis and treatment are reported as follows.