卡尔梅克人是居住在伏尔加河下游里海西北沿岸俄罗斯卡尔梅克自治共和国的居民,多数卡尔梅克人信藏传佛教和东正教,系卫拉特人的后裔。属蒙古人种西亚类型。使用卡尔梅克语,分土尔扈特和杜尔伯特两种方言,属阿尔泰语系蒙古语族。有斯拉夫字母文字。多数人已改用俄罗斯语文。卡尔梅克人虽与卫拉特蒙古其他部落群体相距遥远,但是在传统文化上仍与其保持着相当的一致性。在文学艺术方面,卡尔梅克人拥有英雄史诗、神话传说、民间故事、祝词、赞词、谚语、谜语、民间 The Kalmyks are residents of the Autonomous Republic of Kalmykia, Russia, on the northwest coast of the Caspian Sea, in the lower reaches of the Volga River. Most Kalmyk people believe in Tibetan Buddhism and Orthodox Church, the descendants of Oirats. Is a Mongol ethnic West Asia type. The use of Kalmyk language, sub-Tuerhoter and Duerbote two dialects, belonging to the Altaic language Mongolian. There are Slavic letters. Most people have switched to Russian. Although the Kalmyks are far apart from the rest of the tribal groups in Oirat Mongolia, they remain fairly consistent in their traditional culture. In the field of literature and art, the Kalmyks have heroic epic, myths and legends, folk tales, messages, praise, proverbs, riddles, folk