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微小核糖核酸(miRNA)是近年来发现的一类由内源基因编码的参与基因转录后水平调控的长度约为22个核苷酸的小RNA分子,在生物体内参与胚胎发育、细胞增殖等重要生命进程,调控细胞的分化、生长和凋亡,间接发挥促进与抑制癌症的作用。最近有研究表明,miRNA作为医学生物领域中重要的肿瘤分子标志物,在乳腺癌的发生、发展进程中发挥着重要作用。该文对miRNA在乳腺癌的诊断、治疗、预后等方面的相关研究进展予以综述。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules of about 22 nucleotides in length, which are encoded by endogenous genes and are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene transcription in recent years. They are important in embryonic development and cell proliferation in vivo Life process, regulation of cell differentiation, growth and apoptosis, indirectly to promote and inhibit the role of cancer. Recent studies have shown that miRNA as an important tumor molecular marker in the field of medical biology plays an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. This article reviews the progress of miRNA in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of breast cancer.