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探讨首发精神分裂症患者血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、钙结合蛋白β(S100β)、白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)的变化及其意义.[方法]选取2015年3月至2018年5月本院收治的90例首发精神分裂症患者,根据患者症状情况分为阳性症状组(n=48)和阴性症状组(n=42),并选同期健康体检志愿者60例为对照组.比较三组研究对象血清IL-6、S100β、IL-1β、IL-2水平,并分析血清IL-6、S100β、IL-1β、IL-2水平与PANSS评分的关系.[结果]阳性症状组、阴性症状组血清IL-6、S100β、IL-1β水平显著的高于对照组,血清IL-2水平显著的低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);阳性症状组与阴性症状组血清IL-6比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).阳性症状组、阴性症状组的阳性症状评分、阴性症状评分、PANSS总分显著高于对照组,阳性症状组阳性症状评分显著高于阴性症状组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).血清IL-1β与PANSS总分呈显著正相关性(P0.05).[结论]精神分裂症患者血清IL-6、S100β、IL-1β水平明显上升,IL-2表达明显下降,其中IL-1β的表达与精神分裂症患者PANSS评分密切相关.“,”Toexplorethechangesandsignificanceofseruminterleukin-6 (IL-6),calcium bindingproteinβ(S100β),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)andinterleukin-2 (IL-2)inpatientswithfirst-episodeschiz-ophrenia.[Methods]Ninetypatientswithfirst-episodeschizophreniaadmittedtoourhospitalfrom March2015 to May2018weredividedintopositivesymptomsgroup(n=48)andnegativesymptomsgroup(n=42)ac-cordingtotheirsymptoms.Sixtyhealthyvolunteersinthesameperiodwereselectedasthecontrolgroup.The serumlevelsofIL-6,S100β,IL-1βandIL-2werecomparedamongthethreegroups,andtherelationshipbe-tweenserumlevelsofIL-6,S100beta,IL-1βandIL-2andPANSSscorewasanalyzed.[Results]Theserum levelsofIL-6,S100βandIL-1βinthepositiveandnegativesymptomsgroupsweresignificantlyhigherthan thoseinthecontrolgroup,andtheserumlevelsofIL-2 weresignificantlylowerthanthoseinthecontrol group (P<0.05);theserumlevelsofIL-6inthepositivesymptomsgroupandthenegativesymptomsgroup weresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Thescoresofpositivesymptoms,nega-tivesymptomsandPANSSinthepositivesymptomsgroupandnegativesymptomsgroupweresignificantly higherthanthoseinthecontrolgroup,andthescoresofpositivesymptomsinthepositivesymptomsgroup weresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinthenegativesymptomsgroup(P<0.05).Therewasasignificantposi-tivecorrelationbetweenserumIL-1betaandPANSStotalscore(P0.05).[Conclusion]Theserum levelsofIL-6,S100βandIL-1βinschizophreniapatientsincreasedsignificantly,whiletheexpressionofIL-2 decreasedsignificantly.TheexpressionofIL-1betaiscloselyrelatedtothePANSSscoreofschizophreniapa-tients.