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斯密的“经济人”假设是建构在“自然秩序”和理性论哲学基础之上的,是斯密“自然秩序”伦理观在经济学中的运用和证明。“经济人”假设是对人的经济行为的一般性、本质性特征的理论抽象。无论是在理论层面还是在现实生活层面,无论是在经济学视野还是在伦理学视野,“经济人”假设都有其价值合理性和局限性。“经济人是理性的”,“经济人”还要受道德、法律的双重约束。
Smith’s hypothesis of “economic man” is constructed on the basis of “natural order” and philosophy of rationality, and is the application and proof of Smith’s “natural order” ethics in economics. The “economic man” hypothesis is a theoretical abstraction of the general and essential characteristics of human economic behavior. Both in the theoretical level and in the real life level, both in the economic field of vision and ethics field of vision, the “economic man” hypothesis has its value rationality and limitations. “Economic man is rational,” “economic man” is also subject to moral and legal constraints.