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目的:通过对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患儿的体格、智力和行为等方面的调查,并与同期正常儿童作对照,研究OSAHS对儿童生长发育和心理行为发育的影响。方法:选取经PSG监测确诊的OSAHS患儿82例,并根据AHI分为轻度、中度和重度组,选取与其条件相当、无任何躯体及精神疾病的正常儿童40例作为对照组。对所有研究对象进行体格生长指标的测量,同时采用学龄前韦氏儿童智力量表(C-WYCSI)、Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL),对其进行心理行为的测量。结果:①中、重度OSAHS组患儿体格发育指标均低于对照组儿童,轻度OSAHS组患儿仅身高和坐高低于对照组儿童;②轻度OSAHS组在所有小韦氏10项分测验的得分和VIQ、PIQ、FIQ值与对照组均差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),中度OSAHS组在部分项目上与对照组有差异,重度OSAHS组在全部项目上与对照组均差异有统计学意义,但是尚在智商正常范围内;③4~5岁OSAHS组男童多在忧郁、攻击性、分裂样焦虑和违纪等4个因子得分及行为总分上高于对照组;4~5岁OSAHS组女童多在强迫性、攻击行为和多动等3个因子得分及行为总分上高于对照组。结论:OSAHS可以影响儿童体格生长和心理行为发育,并随着疾病的严重程度而影响加重,应尽早进行干预。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the physical, mental and behavioral aspects of OSAHS in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and to compare the effects of OSAHS on the development of children and the development of psychological behavior. Methods: A total of 82 OSAHS patients diagnosed by PSG were selected and divided into mild, moderate and severe groups according to AHI. Forty normal children without any physical and mental illness were selected as the control group. The physical growth indexes of all the subjects were measured, and the preschool children’s mental capacity scale (C-WYCSI) and Achenbach children’s behavior scale (CBCL) were used to measure their psychological behavior. Results: ①The physical development indexes in OSAHS group were lower than those in control group. The height and height of children in OSAHS group were lower than that in control group only. ②Among all OSAHS group, (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of VIQ, PIQ and FIQ between the OSAHS group and the control group (all P> 0.05) The difference was statistically significant, but still within the normal range of IQ; ③ 4 to 5-year-old OSAHS group boys in the melancholy, aggressive, schizoid anxiety and discipline and other four factors score and behavior scores higher than the control group; 4 Girls aged 5 and over in OSAHS group were more likely to be aggressive, aggressive and hyperactivity than those in control group. Conclusion: OSAHS can affect children’s physical growth and psychological behavior development, and with the severity of the disease affect the increase, should be intervened as soon as possible.