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目的评价金湖县土源性线虫病综合防治效果,为制定防治策略和措施提供依据。方法 1995年起,采取药物驱虫、健康教育、改水改厕与环境整治等措施,对土源性线虫病进行综合干预。通过居民土源性线虫感染率、卫生知识知晓率和卫生行为正确率等指标评价综合防治效果。结果 1995-2012年,全县共完成驱虫服药646 437人次,人均服药2.48次。自来水受益率97.90%,农村无害化卫生厕所普及率达86.89%。居民卫生知识知晓率由1996年的54.05%上升至95.60%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=230.92,P<0.01),卫生行为正确率由1996年的59.07%上升至96.40%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=202.69,P<0.01)。2012年土源性线虫感染率为1.21%,较1989年的62.57%下降了98.07%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 016.92,P<0.01)。蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫感染率分别为0.58%、1.12%、0,较1989年分别下降了94.96%、97.28%、100%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2蛔=129.50,χ2钩=544.62,χ2鞭=254.19,P均<0.01)。结论金湖县通过实施综合防治策略和相关措施,有效控制了土源性线虫病的流行。
Objective To evaluate the comprehensive control effect of soil-borne nematodes in Jinhu County and provide the basis for making prevention and cure strategies and measures. Methods Beginning in 1995, we took such measures as deworming medicine, health education, water improvement, toilet renovation and environmental remediation to make comprehensive intervention on soil-borne nematodes. The comprehensive control effect was evaluated by the indexes of infection rate of soil-borne nematodes, awareness rate of hygiene knowledge and correctness of health behavior. Results From 1995 to 2012, a total of 646 437 person-times of de-worming medicine were completed in the county, 2.48 times per capita. Tap water benefit rate of 97.90%, rural sanitation latrines penetration rate reached 86.89%. The awareness rate of residents’ health knowledge rose from 54.05% in 1996 to 95.60%, with a significant difference (χ2 = 230.92, P <0.01). The correct rate of health behaviors rose from 59.07% in 1996 to 96.40%, with statistical difference Significance (χ2 = 202.69, P <0.01). In 2012, the infection rate of soil-borne nematodes was 1.21%, which was 98.07% lower than that of 62.57% in 1989, with a significant difference (χ2 = 1 016.92, P <0.01). The infection rates of roundworm, hookworm and whipworm were 0.58%, 1.12% and 0, respectively, which were decreased by 94.96%, 97.28% and 100% respectively compared with those in 1989 (χ2 = 129.50, χ2 = 544.62, χ2 whip = 254.19, P <0.01). Conclusion Jinhu County effectively controlled the epidemic of soil-borne nematodes through the implementation of integrated prevention and control strategies and related measures.