近年来轮状病毒已证实为小儿急性腹泻最常见的病因,病毒腹泻的进展改变了人们对细菌病因的注意,但最近又再次强调注意肠道致病性细菌,这包括对霍乱腹泻病理生理学的了解、大肠杆菌类霍乱毒素的证实、弯曲杆菌和肠结肠耶尔辛氏菌新病原的认识、沙门氏菌在许多国家流行及志贺氏菌对抗生素敏感型改变等。 In recent years, rotavirus has been identified as the most common cause of acute pediatric diarrhea. The progress of viral diarrhea has changed people’s attention to the etiology of bacteria. However, it has recently re-emphasized the attention of enteropathogenic bacteria, which includes the pathophysiology of cholera diarrhea Understanding of the confirmation of E. coli cholera toxin, the recognition of new pathogens of Campylobacter and enterocolitis Yersinia, the prevalence of Salmonella in many countries and the antibiotic-sensitive changes of Shigella.